Muscle pain

​What does muscle pain feel like?

Muscle pain can manifest itself in different ways and feels different for each person depending on the cause and severity of the pain. Muscle pain can start as a subtle, nagging sensation or soreness that gradually intensifies over time. It can also come on suddenly as a sharp, stabbing pain, especially if it is caused by an acute injury or overexertion. Some people describe muscle pain as the feeling that the muscles are tender and sensitive to the touch. Even light pressure or massage of the affected areas can cause pain.

The pain may be localized to a specific muscle group or spread to multiple areas of the body, depending on the cause. Muscle pain may also be accompanied by other symptoms such as swelling, redness, or a feeling of weakness in the muscles.

In many cases, muscle pain can be temporary and go away with rest or light movement and stretching. However, chronic muscle pain can be more persistent and significantly affect a person’s quality of life.

What are the symptoms of muscle pain?

The symptoms of muscle pain can vary depending on the underlying cause and severity of the pain. However, common symptoms typically include:

• Local or diffuse pain in the muscles
• Tenderness and sensitivity in affected areas
• Stiffness and reduced mobility
• Muscle weakness as well as swelling and inflammation in the affected area

Why do all my muscles hurt?

Muscle pain in several places in the body can be a sign that the body is out of balance. If you experience stress, a challenged digestion, and muscle pain, the body prioritizes healing of the musculoskeletal system last. This means that people with stress and a compromised digestion must first get these components under control before the body has the energy to prioritize the musculoskeletal system and thus the muscle pain. Therefore, osteopaths work with the body as a whole, where an optimal stress level, good blood circulation and optimal digestion are important components in the treatment of muscle pain.

Muscle pain throughout the body can also be a result of overexertion, stress, and physical fatigue.

Additionally, infectious diseases can also lead to generalized muscle pain. Examples include the flu and other viral illnesses, which trigger an inflammatory reaction in the body as part of the immune response. This inflammation can affect the muscles and result in soreness that spans the entire body.

Another possible cause of widespread muscle pain is fibromyalgia. Fibromyalgia is a complex condition that involves chronic pain and tenderness in muscles and connective tissues, often accompanied by other symptoms such as fatigue and sleep disturbances, among others.

Some medications can also cause muscle pain as a side effect. Statins, which are used to control cholesterol levels, are an example of such medications.

Causes of muscle pain

One of the most common causes of muscle pain is post-workout soreness. When muscles are subjected to repeated strain without adequate rest or warm-up, they lead to tiny tears in the muscle fibers, resulting in pain and tenderness. Pain and tenderness occur as a result of inflammation in the area, which is a natural response from the body. This response allows the tissue to heal and become stronger than before.

Osteopaths help ensure that the body has the optimal conditions for healing, where a natural inflammatory process can take place.

This includes, among other things, good blood circulation to the area in question, as well as nerve supply. In addition, changes in diet, exercise, stress and sleep habits may be relevant factors that come into play.

Injuries are another common cause of muscle pain. Direct trauma, such as blows, sprains, or strains, can cause acute muscle pain.

Infectious diseases like the flu and colds can also cause muscle pain as part of their symptoms.

Inflammatory conditions, such as autoimmune diseases (e.g. lupus or rheumatoid arthritis), can cause chronic muscle pain as part of their symptoms.

Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), also known as myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME), is a complex medical condition primarily characterized by pronounced and persistent fatigue or exhaustion that can also lead to muscle pain.

Musculoskeletal arthritis, also known as polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR), is an inflammatory condition that primarily affects the shoulder and hip muscles and can lead to pain.

Source: Sundhed.dk

Muscle pain and fatigue

Muscle pain and fatigue can be closely linked and affect each other in several ways.
Overexertion is one of the most common ways in which muscle pain and fatigue can occur together. When you perform intense physical activity or work hard, it can result in muscle pain, and at the same time you feel tired and exhausted. This happens when the muscles are put under a load they are not used to, and they react with pain and fatigue.

Chronic illnesses such as fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue syndrome are examples of conditions where muscle pain and severe fatigue are central symptoms. These conditions show how muscle pain and fatigue can be closely linked.

In short, muscle pain and fatigue are often interrelated, and it is important to understand the cause of both symptoms in order to manage them effectively.

Muscle pain in the back

There are many different causes of muscle pain in the back. A common cause is strain on the back muscles. This can happen when lifting heavy objects or doing many repetitive movements. Injuries to the back muscles can also be a cause of back pain. This can include, among other things, fiber tears due to sudden movements or overstretching.

Adhesions, scar tissue, reduced movement or inflammation in the connective tissue around organs can also cause what is called facilitated innervation to the back (here specific vertebrae, depending on which organ you are starting from). Muscles that are innervated by the same vertebrae we experience can become overstimulated and the result can be muscle pain. By finding and treating restrictions around organs, and thereby increasing the blood supply and nerve supply to the organ, you can influence this overactivity in facilitation from organ to vertebrae, and thus from vertebrae to muscles.

In addition, a sedentary lifestyle, lack of exercise and lack of physical fitness can also be factors that contribute to pain in the back muscles.

Our breathing muscle, the diaphragm, attaches to our ribs, which form joints with six of our thoracic vertebrae. Locking or tension in the vertebrae can occur as a result of tension in the diaphragm. This can cause throbbing, stabbing, or sharp pain in the back. In addition, it can cause the thoracic spine to become less mobile, which can affect the entire spine and cause lower back pain, etc.

Muscle pain in the neck

Neck muscle pain is a common ailment that can affect people for a variety of reasons and at different stages of life. It is a complex problem that often involves a combination of factors.

Overexertion is a common trigger. Performing repetitive neck movements, such as lifting heavy objects at work, can cause muscle pain over time.

Injuries, such as sprains or strains, are also acute causes of neck pain.

The lower cervical vertebrae function as a suspension for the connective tissue from the thoracic cavity, which is the connective tissue around the heart and lungs. Tightness in this connective tissue can also cause neck pain, as the neck is pulled too far forward.

The phrenic nerve originates from the neck and supplies, among other things, the connective tissue around the heart and lungs as well as our breathing muscle (diaphragm). If the nerve is pinched in the neck, it can lead to tension in the connective tissue.

The lack of movement and long hours in the same position can also result in muscle pain.

Sleeping position is an overlooked factor. Poor head and neck position during sleep can lead to neck pain as the muscles are in an unnatural position for several hours.

Source: Sundhed.dk

Muscle pain in the shoulders

Muscle pain in the shoulders is a common affliction for many people and can be caused by a number of different factors.

• As mentioned earlier, overexertion is a triggering factor.
• Activities that require repetitive movements of the shoulder muscles, such as repeated lifting or repetitive use of the arms, can result in overuse and pain in the shoulder area.
• Injuries are an acute cause of shoulder pain.
• Falls, impacts, or accidents can cause damage to shoulder muscles and result in inflammation and pain.

Muscle pain in the shoulders can also be caused by decreased mobility in the thoracic spine and rib cage. Therefore, increasing mobility in the thoracic spine and rib cage can be an important part of the treatment of shoulder pain by an osteopath.

A sedentary lifestyle can weaken shoulder muscles and cause pain. Lack of movement and prolonged periods in one position can lead to muscle weakness and discomfort.

Muscle pain in the arms

Muscle pain in the arms can be caused by various factors and causes. This pain occurs when the muscle fibers in the arms are exposed to stress or injury. One of the most common causes of muscle pain in the arms is, as mentioned, previous overexertion or muscle injuries.

Problems with the shoulders, elbows, or wrists can also lead to muscle pain in the arm. Conditions such as tennis elbow, shoulder impingement, or carpal tunnel syndrome can affect the muscles and cause arm pain.

Several nerves emerge from the neck, which together form what we call the brachial plexus, which is a combination of nerves such as the ulnar nerve, the radial nerve, the median nerve and the musculocutaneous nerve, which supply our muscles in the arms. Pinching one or more of these nerves can also cause pain in the arm. Pinching these nerves can be caused by tension or reduced mobility in the neck, chest or shoulders.

Tension in these areas can also pinch blood vessels that supply the muscles in the arms. Pinching of arteries or veins and thus reduced vascularity can also cause muscle pain.

Muscle pain in legs

Muscle pain in the legs can have various underlying causes.

Overload and injuries

One of the most common causes of muscle pain in the legs is physical overexertion. This can occur when participating in intense exercise or activities that require repeated muscle contractions. Overexertion can lead to muscle tension and pain.

Injuries such as pulls, strains, or muscle tears can also cause muscle pain in the legs. Such injuries can occur as a result of sudden movements, falls, or other trauma.

Impaired circulation or blood flow

Poor circulation and poor blood flow can result in muscle pain. This is common in conditions such as varicose veins or peripheral artery disease, where blood flow to the legs may be reduced.

Reduced blood circulation often occurs when you are sedentary for too long, when you get older, in pregnant women or are overweight. An important part of the treatment with an osteopath is therefore to ensure that the blood circulation to and from the legs is optimal. Here, our venous valves, pelvic floor and respiratory muscles are important structures that help to pull the venous blood back to the heart.

You can also have restless legs syndrome, where you experience a strong urge to move, while also feeling sleepy or cramping.

Muscle pain and illness

Some infections, especially viral influenza, are known to cause muscle pain as part of their symptom picture. This pain is often accompanied by fever, fatigue, and other flu-like symptoms. For chronic pain or pain associated with diseases, your doctor may prescribe specific treatments, such as anti-inflammatory drugs or immunomodulatory therapies.

Inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis or lupus can cause chronic muscle pain due to inflammation in the muscles. This pain can vary in intensity and is often accompanied by stiffness and swelling in the affected areas.

There are also diseases of the gastrointestinal system that can result in a deficiency of vitamin B12 or a deficiency of magnesium, which can lead to muscle pain and tension.

Fibromyalgia is one such condition that causes widespread muscle pain, fatigue, and sleep problems. Myositis is a group of diseases that affect the muscles and can cause inflammation and weakness.

In addition, chronic fatigue syndrome and myalgia can also cause muscle pain.

Muscle pain after corona

Muscle pain following a COVID-19 infection is a common challenge that can persist even after the acute phase of the illness has passed. This condition, known as post-COVID-19 syndrome, involves many individuals experiencing persistent muscle pain as one of their ongoing symptoms. This pain varies in intensity and nature and can have a significant impact on overall quality of life.

Muscle pain after COVID-19 can present itself in different ways. Some people experience widespread and diffuse muscle pain, while others have more localized or specific pain in certain areas of the body. While the exact cause of this pain is still under investigation, there are several possible factors that may contribute to this phenomenon.

Treating muscle pain after COVID-19

Treatment for muscle pain after COVID-19 will depend on the symptoms and their severity. However, it may include:

• Rehabilitation to strengthen muscles and restore mobility.
• Pain relief with medications such as painkillers or anti-inflammatory drugs.
• Gradually increase physical activity under the supervision of healthcare professionals.
• Coping with pain through techniques such as mindfulness and relaxation.

What is myositis?

Muscle inflammation, also known as myositis, is a medical condition in which the muscles in the body become inflamed. This can cause pain, tenderness, and decreased function in the affected muscles. Inflammation of the muscles can have a variety of causes and can occur in response to various triggers.

Infections, such as bacterial or viral infections, can cause infectious myositis. When the muscles become infected, the body responds by triggering an inflammatory process to fight the infection. This can lead to symptoms such as muscle pain, fever, and tenderness in the affected areas.

Autoimmune myositis conditions are another type of muscle inflammation in which the body’s own immune system mistakenly attacks the muscles. This can lead to muscle pain, weakness, and inflammation. Polymyositis and dermatomyositis are examples of autoimmune myositis.

Overexertion of the muscles can result in overuse myalgia, which is a type of muscle pain that occurs as a result of intense physical activity or repetitive movements. This can cause muscle soreness and pain.

If you experience muscle inflammation, optimal diet, exercise, sleep and stress levels may be important, as this can help limit general inflammation.

Muscle pain in the elderly

Muscle pain in the elderly is a common problem. Aging brings about natural changes in the body, especially in the muscles, tendons and joints, which increase vulnerability to muscle pain and discomfort. There are several factors that can contribute to muscle pain in the elderly:

Sarcopenia

Age-related muscle loss is a common challenge. As people age, they gradually lose muscle mass and muscle function. This muscle loss makes muscles weaker and more prone to overexertion, which can result in pain.

Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis is a common joint disease in the elderly that can lead to pain and stiffness in the surrounding muscles. When joints are affected by osteoarthritis, the muscles often try to compensate, which can lead to muscle pain.

Overexertion or inactivity

Overexertion can be a trigger for muscle pain in older adults, especially when they are trying to maintain an active life. This overexertion can lead to fatigue and muscle pain.

Inactivity in the elderly also has a major impact on muscle pain. Their time away from the labor market, and a possibly more sedentary everyday life are relevant factors.

The treatment of muscle pain in the elderly may include various approaches, including:

• Physical activity that includes regular exercise can help maintain muscle strength and flexibility as well as reduce the risk of muscle pain.
• Lifestyle changes, such as changes in diet, sleep patterns, and stress management, can have a positive impact on muscle pain.

Tackling muscle pain in the elderly often requires a holistic approach that takes into account individual needs and lifestyle factors.

How to relieve your muscle pain

There are several options for reducing muscle pain, and they vary depending on the cause and severity of the pain. Below are a number of options:

Painkillers:
Ibuprofen and paracetamol are common painkillers that can be used to relieve acute muscle pain.

Cold compress or heat treatment:
Cold compresses can help reduce swelling and relieve acute pain. This is especially helpful right after an injury. Heat therapy is also effective in relieving chronic muscle pain and promoting muscle relaxation.

Lifestyle:
Some people find relief from muscle pain by making lifestyle changes. This may include doing physical activity but avoiding overexertion, as well as having optimal diet and sleep habits.

Stretching exercises:
Stretching exercises can help increase flexibility and reduce muscle tension. Stretching the affected muscles can help loosen up and reduce pain.

Exercises and training:
Strength training can help strengthen muscles and prevent future muscle soreness. However, it is important to warm up before physical exercise and gradually increase the load.

General fitness training:
Regular exercise such as running, cycling or swimming can help increase pain threshold and strengthen muscles.

Stress reduction:
Stress can worsen muscle pain, so methods such as behavioral changes, meditation, deep breathing, and relaxation techniques can be helpful.

In cases of chronic muscle pain or pain that does not respond to home exercises, it is important to seek professional advice.

Professional treatment of muscle pain

Professional treatment for muscle pain depends on the cause of the pain. Here are some common methods and considerations:

Manual therapy techniques: Professionals such as doctors, physiotherapists, osteopaths or chiropractors can perform manual therapy techniques to relieve pain and improve muscle function.

Massage: Professional massage or self-massage can help loosen tense muscles and improve blood circulation.

Acupuncture: Acupuncture is an alternative treatment method that involves placing needles at specific points on the body and can help reduce muscle pain.

Injections: In some cases, injections of painkillers or steroids into the affected area can help reduce inflammation and pain.

Surgery: In rare cases where muscle pain is caused by anatomical problems, surgery may be necessary.

Stress management: Stress can worsen muscle pain, so methods such as meditation, deep breathing, and relaxation techniques can be helpful.

It is important to consult a doctor or relevant healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and treatment plan.

Osteopathy and muscle pain

Osteopaths use a holistic approach to treating muscle pain, focusing on the function of the whole body. This includes treating the nerves, blood vessels and connective tissues related to the muscle pain. A treatment plan is developed based on their diagnosis and assessment.

In addition to manual therapy, osteopaths will also provide advice on lifestyle factors that can influence muscle pain and prevent the risk of recurring muscle pain. This includes aspects such as diet, stress and sleep, stretching exercises and strengthening exercises.

Osteopathic treatment is based on a holistic approach based on the concept that the body is a dynamic functional unit where all parts of the body are interconnected. If you have had muscle pain for a long period of time, and do not feel that it has improved with relief or exercises, there is a high probability that there are other factors behind it, which contribute to maintaining the pain.

Exercises for muscle pain in the back and neck

Below is a selection of exercises that can prevent and relieve muscle pain. Always remember to perform the exercises slowly, and if you experience pain or discomfort, stop and contact a healthcare professional.

Exercises for the back

Knee-to-chest stretch: Lie on your back with your knees bent. Gently pull one knee toward your chest and hold for 20-30 seconds. Repeat with the other knee. This stretches your back muscles and relieves tension.

Cat-Cow Pose: Get down on your hands and knees with your back in a neutral position. Arch your back upwards like a cat and hold for a few seconds, then arch your back downwards like a cow and hold for a few seconds. Repeat this movement several times to loosen up your back.

Bird dog exercise: Get down on your hands and knees with your back in a neutral position. At the same time, extend your right arm and left leg so they are parallel to the floor. Hold for a few seconds, then switch sides.

Exercises for the neck

Side Bend, Rotation, Forward and Backward: Sit upright in a chair with your feet flat on the floor. Slowly tilt your head to one side until your ear almost touches your shoulder. Hold the position for 15-30 seconds while maintaining steady pressure against the movement with one hand. Perform the exercise several times. Do the same thing rotating your head, as well as bending your head forward and backward.

Shoulder Roll: Sit upright or stand with your arms relaxed at your sides. Pull your shoulders up toward your ears and roll them back in a circular motion. Repeat this exercise for 15-20 seconds in each direction.

Exercises for muscle pain in the legs

Below you will find a selection of exercises specifically targeting muscle pain in the legs.

Thigh stretch:
Stand upright with your feet together. Grab your right ankle with your right hand and pull your heel toward your butt. Hold the stretch for 15-30 seconds. Switch to the other leg.

Lying hamstring stretch:
Lie on your back with one leg straight out and the other bent, with your foot flat on the floor. Grasp the back of the thigh of the straight leg and gently pull it towards your chest. Hold the stretch for 15-30 seconds. Switch to the other leg.

Standing calf stretch:
Stand with your hands against a wall. Push one foot back and bend your front knee while keeping your back leg straight. Keep the heel of your back leg on the floor and feel the stretch in your calf muscle. Hold the stretch for 15-30 seconds. Switch to the other leg.

Exercises for muscle pain in the arms

Below you will find a selection of exercises for muscle pain in the arms.

Cross-arm stretch:
Extend your right arm straight out in front of you at shoulder height. Use your left hand to pull your right arm across your body toward your left side. Hold the stretch for 15-30 seconds. Switch to the other arm and repeat.

Biceps stretch:
Stand tall with your feet together. Extend one arm out in front of you with your palm facing up. Gently bend your wrist backward with your other hand until you feel a stretch in the biceps area. Hold the stretch for 15-30 seconds and repeat on the other arm.

Triceps stretch:
Stand tall with your feet together. Raise one arm and bend your elbow so that your hand reaches down to your back. Use your other hand to gently press on the bent elbow to increase the stretch in the triceps area. Hold the stretch for 15-30 seconds and repeat on the other arm.

Global shoulder stretch:
Start by sitting on a flat surface with your knees bent and your feet flat on the floor in front of you. Your back should be straight. Bend your arms at the elbows and place your hands behind your torso with your fingertips pointing away from you. Begin the stretch by lifting your buttocks off the floor. This can be done by pressing your hands into the floor and raising your torso up. As you lift your butt, try to move it down towards your feet by pushing your hips slightly forward. Once you are in the stretched position, hold the stretch for 15-30 seconds. Focus on pulling your shoulders back and opening your chest.